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Methamphetamine (Meth)
Slang or Street Names: Speed, Ice, Chalk, Meth, Crystal, Crank, Fire, Glass
Methamphetamine is a toxic, addictive stimulant that affects many areas of the central nervous system. The drug is often made in clandestine laboratories from relatively inexpensive over-the-counter ingredients. It is being used by diverse groups, including young adults who attend raves, in many regions of the country.
Available in many forms, methamphetamine can be smoked, snorted, injected, or orally ingested. Methamphetamine is a white, odorless, bitter-tasting crystalline powder that easily dissolves in beverages.
Methamphetamine is not sold in
the same way as many other illicit drugs; it is typically sold through
networks, not on the street. Methamphetamine use is associated with
serious health consequences, including memory loss, aggression,
violence, psychotic behavior, and potential cardiac and neurological
damage. Methamphetamine abusers typically display signs of agitation,
excited speech, decreased appetite, and increased physical activity
levels.
Methamphetamine is neurotoxic. Methamphetamine abusers may have
significant reductions in dopamine transporters. Methamphetamine
use can contribute to higher rates of transmission of infectious
diseases, especially hepatitis and HIV/AIDS.
Methamphetamine is an addictive stimulant drug that strongly activates
certain systems in the brain. Methamphetamine is closely related
chemically to amphetamine, but the central nervous system effects
of methamphetamine are greater. Both drugs have some medical uses,
primarily in the treatment of obesity, but their therapeutic use
is limited.
Methamphetamine is made in illegal laboratories and has a high potential
for abuse and dependence. Street methamphetamine is referred to
by many names, such as "speed," "meth," and
"chalk." Methamphetamine hydrochloride, clear chunky crystals
resembling ice, which can be inhaled by smoking, is referred to
as "ice," "crystal," and "glass."
| Health Hazards Methamphetamine releases high levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine, which stimulates brain cells, enhancing mood and body movement. It also appears to have a neurotoxic effect, damaging brain cells that contain dopamine and serotonin, another neurotransmitter. Over time, methamphetamine appears to cause reduced levels of dopamine, which can result in symptoms like those of Parkinson's disease, a severe movement disorder. 
Methamphetamine is taken orally or intranasally (snorting the powder), by intravenous injection, and by smoking. Immediately after smoking or intravenous injection, the methamphetamine user experiences an intense sensation, called a "rush" or "flash," that lasts only a few minutes and is described as extremely pleasurable. Oral or intranasal use produces euphoria - a high, but not a rush. Users may become addicted quickly, and use it with increasing frequency and in increasing doses. Animal research going back more than 20 years shows that high doses of methamphetamine damage neuron cell-endings. Dopamine- and serotonin-containing neurons do not die after methamphetamine use, but their nerve endings ("terminals") are cut back and re-growth appears to be limited. The central nervous system (CNS) actions that result from taking even small amounts of methamphetamine include increased wakefulness, increased physical activity, decreased appetite, increased respiration, hyperthermia, and euphoria. Other CNS effects include irritability, insomnia, confusion, tremors, convulsions, anxiety, paranoia, and aggressiveness. Hyperthermia and convulsions can result in death. Methamphetamine causes increased heart rate and blood pressure and can cause irreversible damage to blood vessels in the brain, producing strokes. Other effects of methamphetamine include respiratory problems, irregular heartbeat, and extreme anorexia. Its use can result in cardiovascular collapse and death. A study in Seattle confirmed that methamphetamine use was widespread among the city's homosexual and bisexual populations. Of these groups, members using methamphetamine reported they practice sexual and needle-use behaviors that place them at risk of contracting and transmitting HIV and AIDS. Methamphetamine use is associated with serious health consequences, including memory loss, aggression, violence, psychotic behavior, and potential cardiac and neurological damage. If you have a loved one using Meth in any form
get help now. |